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URI الجديد لهذه الكائناتhttps://ksu.otcloud.co.ke/handle/ksu-press/941
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6 النتائج
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مقالة وصول حر Towards an Approach to Residential Neighborhood Planning in Riyadh According to “Smart Growth” Design Principles(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 6/12/1432) Tahar A. LedraaThe paper sets out to analyze neighborhood design and development in Riyadh based on the data provided by the ADA 2005 Riyadh digital map. It starts by discussing the principles of sprawl-oriented neighborhoods and “Smart Growth”-slant ones. For the purpose of comparison between neighborhoods of different styles, the Riyadh city was subdivided into four study areas. The first area consists of the urban core which has primarily a traditional smart growth oriented neighborhood development pattern. Three successive 5 km ring buffers surrounding the city core were then executed using ArcMap analysis tools provided by ESRI programs.The study is undertaken under the contention that the farther from the urban core the more sprawl-oriented the neighborhood will be. A continuum ranging from smart growth to sprawled neighborhoods was set to examine a whole gamut of variables such as land use intensity, mixed use diversity, pedestrian accessibility and street network patterns. The results seem to indicate that Riyadh cannot afford the pursuit of such current unsustainable pattern of neighborhood development. Adopting a smart growth approach is therefore recommended to make a brake to such unsustainable patterns. A sound approach to developing newer residential neighborhood design would be to build upon the locally established patterns of design as revealed by the traditional core at the inner city.مقالة وصول حر The Use of GIS in Studying and Modeling Traffic Noise and its Relationship to Land Uses in Riyadh(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 14/1/1431) Azizah Bint Aziz Al-ShihriThis study aims to monitor, analyze and model spatial relationships of traffic noise and its intensity in major streets of Riyadh and surrounding residential areas. We shall adopt a mathematical model to obtain noise intensity level from the average number of passing vehicles in the road, their average speed and the percentage of trucks. By using methods of spatial data insertion in GIS system, it was possible to prepare noise maps (continuous area) which shows the nature and pattern of noise distribution in roads and surrounding areas, one set throughout the day and another through peak hours.These maps are useful for delineating areas with high noise level and areas of low noise levels. This information, in turn, is useful for selection of sites for land uses that require low level of noise, such as health facilities, schools, public libraries, etc.By analyzing the relationship between noise and land use of areas surrounding roads, it was possible to know the relationship between the activities and land uses of areas adjoining road, and the level of noise in the roads. The spatial analysis was also useful in understanding the factors that lead to the high noise levels in some roads.The conclusion contains recommendations and planning criteria that may help planners and decision makers to reduce noise levels down to allowable levels, to preserve people's health and comfort and conserve the environment.مقالة وصول حر Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for the Urban Sustainable Development Decisions(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 9/1/1431) Mohamed Abdel Aziz Abdel HamidAccording to the Earth Summit Agenda 21, mentions that we need to establish the concept of information systems and utilizing them in the sustainable development process of the city. The municipalities, local governments, and resource users should gain from new information technologies that provide them with the know-how they need to manage their environments and resources sustainably. So, making decisions based on geography is basic to human thinking such as; where we go, what will it shall be like, and what shall we do when we get whether not it can be applied to sustainable development. Therefore, we find that in the 21st century most of public organizations have started to use Information Technologies, and also the municipalities have been utilizing technological developments as tools for their services. Serving, deciding and using city resources efficiently will be easier by using a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based Urban Information System (UIS).The paper will review the concept of urban sustainable development and how it is influencing responses to increasing population growth in cities. It will address the role of GIS-based for sustainable development in terms of local and municipal governance. Moreover, it is to show how GIS can be used in the assessment and modeling of urban sustainability, how sustainable development at urban level is measured? Finally the paper reviews the intersection of GIS and urban sustainability through empirical research by building a GIS model to examine how Riyadh city can be develop of sustainably. It will test the priorities of urban development for the city to preserve the resources available.مقالة وصول حر Developing A Modern Technique for Clayey Constructio(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 7/1/1431) Mokhtar Ali Abdulhafiz AbdoThe fierce damages that were caused by the loam buildings due to the floods disaster in Wadi-Hadhramaut in 2008 and the interest of many employers to obtain modern loam walls of less thickness and high resistance to denudation factors, in addition to the unavailability of researches specialized in checking the effects of the climatic conditions on the loam resistance; all those were the most important motives to carry out this research.For this, the researcher's aims have been summarized in gathering and documentation the information and lore about the loam construction in Yemen; not only to use them in conserving the existing buildings but also to develop loam building of modern lasting techniques which fulfills the requirements of the age. Moreover, the discovery of the effects of the climatic conditions on loam's resistance is considered the researcher's main goal in this topic.Thus, the methodicalness of this research has concentrated on analyzing the techniques of the traditional loam construction in Yemen and carrying out lab experiments to examine the pressure resistance for many specimens taken from different loam mixtures and studying the effect of drying them under various climatic conditions; moreover, lab experiments were performed to examine the effect of slow drying through capillarity of protected covering walls, on different loam mixtures.The most important results of this research is the proof that the loam construction elements that were dried under summer climatic conditions show shrinkage cracks more that of dried under winter climatic conditions, thus, it was emerged that the importance of adhering to traditional rule which says that the loam buildings should be built in winter not in summer. The second result is proving that thinning the "fat" and "semi-fat" loams should be used with crushed stone with max. nominal size in the sandy range not using sand with round granules.Also, it has been reached through this research that it is necessary to developing the protecting covers of the loam walls to get a more resistance to denudation factors and to avoid the negativeness of lime or cement plaster to fall from loam walls due to the dissimilarity of factors of the thermal linear hygroscopic extension.مقالة وصول حر Technological Adaptability: An Approach towards a Flexible and Sustainable Architecture(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 2/1/1431) Faiza NakibTechnological progress is an endless accelerating phenomenon. It becomes a major aspect of our wellbeing and influences our everyday life as well as our use of architectural spaces. Buildings must always embrace technological innovations and follow the pace of their evolution, while absorbing the impact of change. This objective can be achieved by maintaining the building quality, entailing a minimum disruption of the ongoing activities, and lowering expenses as well as energy and materials consumption.The need for technological evolution emanates from users’ needs but also from the surrounding socio-cultural and demographic change, market demands, climate variability, regulations, and aesthetic tendencies. In this context, technological adaptability is crucial to support the building sustainability by ensuring users’ well being and safety (comfort, life quality, positive interaction….), long term value of the building (longevity, cost effectiveness, strong image, etc.) and functional efficiency (multi-functionality, Efficient physical and virtual connections, etc.)The present paper aims to define strategies as well as a set of guidelines that might help to integrate progressive technological features in the building systems. In this perspective, some approaches dealing with architectural adaptability are studied, and a set of guidelines for technological adaptability are drawn from their combination. The adopted methodology takes into account complexity and uncertainty of the building and considers the interrelation of economical, social, spatial, functional and technical aspects. These guidelines constitute a systemic approach and should be considered as a whole to achieve the intended goal.مقالة وصول حر Integrating Intelligent Building Technologies: A Means for Fostering Sustainability(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 28/12/1430) Rabee M. ReffatIntelligent Building technologies have a potential significant impact on sustainability issues (energy efficiency, due diligence, health and safety and indoor environment). It is widely recognized that intelligent building can improve the environmental and economic performance of buildings. Consequently, the promotion of intelligent buildings is regarded as means of fostering sustainability. Intelligent building technology encompasses sophisticated systems targeting various facets of building automation. Developing such an integration system of intelligent buildings technologies can significantly increase the energy efficiency of the building while also providing enhanced occupant comfort and cost effectiveness. Given the developments in information and communication technology and the increasing level of complexity of intelligent building systems, this paper introduces an integration system that facilitates improving the utilization of intelligent building technologies. The proposed system in this paper provides three indispensable sets of criteria by which successful integration of intelligent building technologies can be achieved. These measures are integration criteria for sub-system operation, best practices of sub-system business considerations, and interoperability criteria. Detailed and articulated measures for each set of these criteria are introduced. The paper explores the potential benefits of integrating intelligent building technologies as a useful means for fostering sustainability in buildings.