مجلة الأدب
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استعراض
مقالة وصول حر A Critical Study of Colin Wilson's A Criminal History of Mankind *(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 1/7/1996) Hassall M.A. HassallAbstract. This is an interesting book containing a detailed analysis of crime and the criminal
mind. It describes the different forms of crimes from the early history of mankind
through the Middle Ages up to the present time. A great deal of effort is made to
uncover, wherever possible, the underlying causes of these crimes, whether
psychological or otherwise.
The book is divided into three major parts, the first of which deals with the
psychology of human violence. The second part is the longest one and it outlines the
criminal history of man. Part three is concerned with mass murder.
The book, in its three parts, is full of historical facts and fascinating incidents.
However, it seems that the author's research is a bit inadequate in certain areas in the
book, particularly those areas where early Islamic history is concerned. Some of
what appear to me to be inaccuracies of significant importance are:مقالة وصول حر Arabization of English: A Study of the Appropriating Linguistic Strategies in the Academic and Media Discourses in Saudi Arabia(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 23/8/1437) Iesar Ahmad deptAbstract: In any contact zone, where the two or more languages and cultures intersect, there would be the linguistic hybridity and cultural syncreticity. Hence, in such perspective, this study is an attempt to investigate the Arabization of English language in Saudi Arabia. This study delimits to the reconstitution ofEnglish language on the linguistic and textual modes of theArabic language. Likewise, the indigenous writers of Saudi Arabia both in the academia and media install the lexical innovation, and code-mixing in their discourses in order to foreground the richness repertoire of their mother tongue (Arabic).The researcher investigates the selected discourses from the Saudi English Print media and Academic settings in the framework of the appropriating discourse theory. Accordingly, the researcher recommends to the second language learners of Saudi Arabia to take the English language as an alternative instrument in order to disseminate their distinctive ideological and Arab cultural norms for the wider readership as well as to dispel the misconception of Islam and Arab Muslims across the Globe.مقالة وصول حر Arabization of English: A Study of the Appropriating Linguistic Strategies in the Academic and Media Discourses in Saudi Arabia(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 11/01/1437) Assistant ProfessorIn any contact zone, where the two or more languages and cultures intersect, there would be thelinguistic hybridity and cultural syncreticity. Hence, in such perspective, this study is an attempt to investigate theArabization of English language in Saudi Arabia. This study delimits to the reconstitution ofEnglish language onthe linguistic and textual modes of theArabic language. Likewise, the indigenous writers of Saudi Arabia both inthe academia and media install the lexical innovation, and code-mixing in their discourses in order to foregroundthe richness repertoire of their mother tongue (Arabic).The researcher investigates the selected discourses from theSaudi English Print media and Academic settings in the framework of the appropriating discourse theory.Accordingly, the researcher recommends to the second language learners of Saudi Arabia to take the Englishlanguage as an alternative instrument in order to disseminate their distinctive ideological and Arab cultural normsfor the wider readership as well as to dispel the misconception of Islam and Arab Muslims across the Globe.مقالة وصول حر Discourse and the Translator*(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 1/1/1996) B. Hatim and I. MasonAbstract. The title of this book is enticing. It suggests a discussion of translation that brings into
the fore the components of discourse analysis, speech acts, semiotic systems, linguis-tic
choices in the messages conveyed, the social and psychological intentions of the
creator of the message and how the translator conveys these into the target language.
The authors try to do just exactly what one expects from the title, for they tackle
these aspects of language use in social activities and thus give the reader fresh percep-tions
and concepts for understanding both the messages of the source text and the
target text and the complex task of the translator.مقالة وصول حر Language Processing in Bilingual Children(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 1/1/1997) ElIenBialystokAbstract. Feeling schizophrenic about how to unite second language (L2) acquisition and
bilingualism on the one hand and psycholinguistic description of first language (Ll)
proficiency on the other. Ellen Bialystok compiled this volume. This book is, in large, a
collection of a number of seminal papers presented in the symposium "Language
acquisition and implications for processing in bilingual children" hosted by the Society
for Research in Children Development. Distinguished scholars from highly reputed
universities such as Harvard, Oxford, Stanford, Yale, University ofCalifomia. Berkeley,
and York (Ontario) were invited to examine language acquisition as a process and relate
it to language as used by bilingual children. A new tradition in the area of psychology
and education emerged out of that meeting. The study of the cognitive ability and
linguistic achievement of bilingual children no more possesses educational complexity,
and L2 acquisition is not merely a substitution of Ll forms and structures. On the basis
of the Chomskyan notion of government and binding (GB) and linguistic innateness,
first, second, and third language are acquired by means of setting parameters in the
language acquisition device (LAD). This and other GB findings are documented by
means of ten empirical studies undertaken in this book.مقالة وصول حر Mathew Arnold: A Critical Portrait*(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 1/7/1996) Stefan ColliniAbstract. This is the the paperback edition of the 1988 Oxford University Press edition with a
new afterward and a new supplementary reading note. Among other publications,
the new edition points out the author's more recent scholarly publication on Arnold
among other publications. The truth of the matter is that there has been an increased
interest in Arnold. Attesting to his popularity are new editions including a poetry col-lection,
Culture and Anarchy, and other essays in a new edition. In addition, The
Selected Letters of the poet appeared in 1992 containing some new letters that have
been unearthed more recently.
Collini argues that Arnold "stands at the center of a series of debates." Many
scholars are critical of Arnold in many areas, including his unique conception of cul-ture
and the burden he places upon the study and teaching of literature. In addition,
the modern widespread skepticism about the possibilities of disinterestedness also
contributes to the criticism of Arnold. Collini argues, however, that it is those who
want to criticize what they think is Arnold's attitude towards culture that keep his
name alive in professional circles.مقالة وصول حر Methods of Teaching English as a Foreign Language: A Com-parative Study of Traditional and Modern Approaches*(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 1/7/1996) Ali Hamzah Abu-GhararahAbstract. Methods of Teaching English as a Foreign Language contributes to the growing body
of language instruction. The book supplies excellent resource materials for not only
enlightening young language teachers about the worth and effectiveness of numer-ous
teaching methods, but also for leading them to a wise decision in the selection
and use of an appropriate method. Asghar bases the book on the assumption that
there is no particular teaching method which works effectively for any language
learner in all language teaching settings. Asghar's purpose in writing this book is to
set forth a comprehensive study of traditional, conventional and modern
approaches. Specially, his focus is to spell out points of similarity and dissimilarity
that one may come across during the study of fourteen EFL/ESL teaching
approaches. Though "it is not the first attempt of this kind" (p. 6) as the author him-self
agrees, it is significant and unique in the sense that it reveiws all the fourteen
widely known EFL/ESL approaches objectively under one cover.مقالة وصول حر Minimal Apology in the Hijazi Arabic Clause by Educated Adults*(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 17/4/1432) Nuha Suleiman Daoud Al-ShurafaAbstract. The main aim of this paper is to provide a syntactic description of verbal and verbless (also called equative or nominative) clauses and apology expressions evolving around their clauses in Hijazi Arabic (HA) by educated adults within the framework of the Minimalist Program (MP) (Chomsky, 1995, 2000; Ouhalla, 2002; Shlonsky, 1998). This topic has received no previous linguistic attention. The discussion is restricted to the syntax of the HA clause as well as apology expressions to identify projections of the Adverb Phrases where apology in HA is predominated by simple adverbials. Following minimalism, it has been found that the HA verbal and verbless clause structure shares basic feature checking patterns as those in Standard Arabic (SA) and most of the Arabic dialects discussed. Generally, the adverbial phrases inside their clauses are considered lexical elements that have also lexical meaning which give them the freedom of order flexibility at times, a syntactic feature that is congruous with Arabic typology. Specifically, syntactic description has been captured where the MP conceptualization allows us describe grammatical constraints that govern the syntactic behavior of HA apology expressions.مقالة وصول حر Picturing the Postmodern Combatant Poetic Mind: Brian Turner’s Here, Bullet(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 19/12/1436) Zahra A. Hussein AliAbstract: This study investigates the theme of battlefield consciousness in relation to an American postmodern military. Taking Brian Turner’s Here, Bullet as a case study, the paper argues that Turner casts revealing lights on the modalities of the combatant poetic consciousness. Four modalities are investigated: discrediting metanaratives (in the Lyotardian sense of the term); engaging the imperatives of the bio-neurological; conjuring up historioscopic perspectives; and centralizing otherness. Sustaining a multifaceted critique, the socio-cultural role of the combatant-poet is to subvert the media’s ennobling myth of cyberwarriors and to gauge these myths against the banal realities of an imperialist war. In short, the poetic voice in Here, Bullet, though an American combatant, is, intellectually, at war with the American postmodern military.مقالة وصول حر Saudi students' distribution in the US and the determining their 16 concentrations(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 08/10/1433) Mofareh QoradiThis study explored the spatial distribution patternsof Saudi students studying in US language institutesand universities. Based on SACM data, there is anaccumulation of students in some states, so this studyattempted to analyze the issue through aquestionnaire sent to all students studying in the topfive states for gatherings of Saudi students in the US.The study found that 46.81% of the students hadpreviously moved to other states and this movecreated many problems for them. In addition, 51.23%of students had faced the accumulation problemduring their studies at language institutes oruniversities, and this also caused them problems, suchas difficulty in learning the English language andtherefore difficulty in obtaining university admission.This fact necessitates further action by SACM todistribute students to language institutes anduniversities where there is no accumulation problem.It is thus necessary to build channels ofcommunication between students and SACM toevaluate and explain the problems that students mayface. With these numbers of students (70,000), it isnecessary to build an accurate database that isupdated continuously. In this case, GISs cancontribute to student information management bybuilding a geographic database and analysis of thespatial distribution via digital maps.مقالة وصول حر Saudi students' distribution in the US and the determining their concentrations(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 19/12/1437) Mofareh QoradiThis paper explores the spatial patterns and analyzes the overcrowding problem of Saudi students in the US through a spatial analysis using geographic information systems (GISs). Since 2005, the King Abdullah Scholarship Program (KASP) has sponsored approximately 70,000 Saudi students seeking bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees in American universities and 150,000 in universities worldwide (Saudi Arabian Cultural Mission, 2012). One objectives of this paper is seeks to determine the factors and reasons that led to the overcrowding problem and its impact on Saudi students in the US by questionnaire method. Based on the results, the five largest states accumulation of Saudi students were California (9,067 students), Texas (5,077 students), Ohio (4,696 students), Florida (4,396 students), and Colorado (3,117 students). In addition, the study found that 51.23% of students had faced the accumulation problem during their studies at language institutes or universities, and this also caused them problems, such as difficulty in learning the English language and therefore difficulty in obtaining university admission. Finally, the study proposed that GIS can contribute to student information management by building a geographic database and analysis of the spatial distribution via digital maps.مقالة وصول حر Synesis or Notional Concord: The Discovery of Relational Meaning through Linguistic Forms(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 27/10/1432) Syed Sarwar HussainAbstract. The present paper attempts to elucidate, enumerate, and understand the intriguing field of “Synesis” beyond the peripheries of common notional constructions and concord coordination that underlie the basic principles of structural patterns in English language. The study undertakes to examine and explore the principles and practice of logical agreement. It proposes to stress on the fact that the English language is not solely dependant on its grammatical constructions as unbroken rules, for the formation of meaningful sentences. The paper also outlines the specific reasons behind the usages of notional agreement for the purpose of establishing relational meaning in a sentence. The ‘Introduction’ explains the necessity of broaching the subject and its importance in understanding the nuances and stylistic peculiarities of the English language. The Section Definition and Sources, deals with definitions and its earliest example; and Review of Literature draws references from the exponents of this linguistic device. The ‘Discussion’ brings up the modus operandi of ‘Synesis’ and its many usages with references and explications, and the ‘Conclusion’ folds up the issue with the understanding and assertion that notional concord is an extremely effective tool employed to discover meaning through words, and to signify the importance of lexical relationships beyond the regulated grammatical structures.مقالة وصول حر The ‘Pleasures’ and Displeasures of Exile in Caryl Phillips’s The Final Passage (1985) and Jamaica Kincaid’s Lucy (1990)(مطبعة جامعة الملك سعود, 27/7/1435) Abid LabidiAbstract: Drawing on a close textual analysis of Caryl Phillips’s The Final Passage and Jamaica Kincaid’s Lucy and a theoretical framework grounded mostly in Migration and Diaspora Studies, this article addresses the complexities of migration from poor Caribbean countries to the industrialized West. It also examines the contentious passage from the certainties of home to the perils and intricacies of exile. Central to this paper is also the investigation of the migrant’s grappling with his/her border existence once his/her craving for the West is bluntly ridiculed in the host country with systematic racism, marginalization, displacement, un-belonging, exclusion, and other related predicaments. I finally examine the role of memory and nostalgia in preventing the migrant’s total loss in the new exilic milieu. More often than not, the migrant’s unfulfilled dreams in the host country and the many of discomforts of exile awaken him/her to the true value of home and the place of origin.مقالة وصول حر The Enduring Hegemony of the English Literary Canon: Symptoms of the Monopoly of Power Relations in Academia(مطبعة جامعة الملك سعود, 27/5/1434) Ayman Mohammed Abu SchumerAbstract.Debate over the English literary canon has been revolving around questions of inclusiveness, representation, voice,relations of power,pedagogical practice, and others. My purpose, in this paper is, however, to explore issues around canonsbeyond the established arguments of 'institutional capital', and those of classic post-colonial arguments such as issues aroundrepresentation. In an era that could be described by 'liquid post-modernity', criticisms should be directed to the core of the idea ofcanon itself, or the question one might ask: are canons still valid?While Guillory and other critics have thoroughly dealt withissues around the canon in the Western academy, the present paper investigates the post-colonial higher educational settings, ingeneral, and the Jordanian setting in particular. For an investigation into this context, a qualitative case study was employed togain in-depth insight into how the current English literary canon is perceived and disseminated by the instructors of literature at aJordanian university. The data obtained via semi-structured interviews with these instructors suggested dichotomous andcompeting discourses regarding the canon.Drawing on Foucault’s view of relations of power, Bandura’s ‘human agency’ and‘self theory’ and post-colonialist arguments, Iconclude that the problem of the Jordanian English Literary canon could beunderstood as a variety of ideological thinking or what Icall ‘canonical ideology’, where the proponents (conservativegeneration) and opponents (modern generation) of the current literary canon perceive themselves as having the capacity tounderstand their students and to make choices and impose these choices on them. Whether these instructors are for or against thecanon, it does involve the promotion of a particular ideology; the canon, as a reflection of academic and theoretical fashions ofthe western academy.مقالة وصول حر The Paradoxes of Identity in Michelle Cliff’s Novel Abeng(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 11/4/1437) Abid Alarabi Al-AbidiAbstract. Based on a close textual reading of Jamaican writer Michelle Cliff’s novel Abeng, this paper investigates a case in point of Caribbean identity complexity. In particular, I examine the psychological, racial, historical, and social dilemmas generated by female mulatto identity in the contentious context of colonial Jamaica in the 1950s. In this context, the very existence of the female mulatto systemically called to mind the traumatic memories of sexual exploitation, rape, racial and gender nullification, and other forms of aggression the black female was victim of under the three-century long slavery enterprise of Europe. I explore how and why the female mulatto’s attempts at identity negotiation and self-assertion and her struggle for social and racial acceptance are often met with outward rejection by the very society she is part of. I also investigate how the female mulatto’s contradictory legacies and conflictual affiliations (being at once black and white, descendent of slaves and masters, colonized and colonizer, and African and European) hinder her from claiming any identity and aggravate her sense of loss. My paper starts with the assumption that the precarious identity of the female mulatto is, in fact, inseparable from the deeper complexities that have characterized black Caribbean identity and history for entire centuries.مقالة وصول حر The Power of 'Not Saying' in Heart of Darkness(مطبعة جامعة الملك سعود, 18/6/1434) Abdullatif al-KhaiatAbstract.When Conrad wrote his second novel, An Outcast of the Islands, he was criticized for fallinginto the trap of saying too much. But he swiftly learnt the lesson, and when he came to write Heart ofDarkness he was at the peak of his powers. In this amazing novella, Conrad provides all the essentialsthat would ensure the capturing of his readers' attention. It has all the trappings of the conventionaladventure tale – mystery, exotic setting, escape, suspense, unexpected attack. Nor does the reader haveany doubt about the reality of the trip, the stations, the pilgrims, Kurtz, and so forth.But that is far less than Conrad is aiming for. For as some critic have said, Marlow's journey up theCongo River is really his journey to the deepest recess of his self. And for that the novella is mostsymbolic and ambiguous. Conrad deliberately leaves out almost all the details about people, places,times, etc. Add to that the paradoxes that you are sure to encounter on every page. It is so because theinternal world of the psyche is full of mystery. As this research contends, all the ambiguity is part ofConrad's design. He maintains a critical balance between providing what will capture the reader'simagination and a great holding back of elaboration to force a maximum participation on the part ofthe reader. Add to that the implication that evil can never be fully fathomed.مقالة وصول حر TOWARDS A MORPHOLOGICAL THEORY: THE CASE OF ARABIC BROKEN AND SOUND PLURALS(مطبعة جامعة الملك سعود, 8/1/1435) Abdullah S. Al-DobaianAbstract: the paper discusses the Arabic broken plural and sound plural (SP henceforth) as two instances of two distinct morphological processes involving different characteristics and mechanisms. I propose an analysis based on how morphology operates in the lexicon and the syntax and provide data from Arabic and Hebrew. I argue that the BP is derived lexically as one atomic complex word while the SP involves a two-unit merger deriving a non-atomic word in the syntax. Evidence follows from the lexical access, morphological productivity, semantic distinctions of number and the lexical representation of BP and SP. Atomicity plays a crucial role in the distinction of morphology in the lexicon and the syntax not just in Arabic morphology but also cross-linguistically as illustrated by the Hebrew diminutives which add further evidence to the effect of atomicity in the morphological analysis of words.مقالة وصول حر Use of Facebook by Deanships of Library Affairs: Perspectives of Library Staff at the Universities in Saudi Arabia(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 6/5/1437) Mohammed Fathy Mahmoud ElgllabAbstract: The use of new social networking sites to increase the communication with the university library for students and staff was discussed and examined in 42 universities library deanships in KSA (include both governmental and private universities). The study employed both primary and secondary data collection methods in order to explore the use of Facebook in Deanships of Libraries Affairs (DLAs). The data collected were processed and tabulated with discussions. The researcher found that the use of Facebook pages for libraries is very important in our time, especially with the increasingly use of social networks and smart phones services, especially in the Arab countries. Developing that service will allow students and researchers to have easy and efficient access library services.مقالة وصول حر أبعاد الدلالة عند الغزالي من خلال كتابه "معيار العلم"(مطبعة جامعة الملك سعود, 14/08/1438) كامل أنور سعيديتناول هذا البحث قضية أبعاد العملية الدلالية عند أبي حامد الغزالي في كتابه "معيار العلمفي المنطق"، فيبحث فيه عن آرائه في:• أوجه دلالة الألفاظ على المعاني: إذ تد ل الألفاظ على المعاني من ثلاثة أوجه متباينة؛ دلالة المطابقة،كالاسم الموضوع بإزاء الشيء، ودلالة التض من، كدلالة لفظ "البيت على الحائط، ودلالة الاستلزام)الاستتباع(، "كدلالة لفظ "السقف" على الحائط.• رتبة الألفاظ من مراتب المعاني: حيث توجد الأشياء في أربعة أنواع؛ الوجود العيني: أي: الوجودالخارجي للشيء في عالم الحس والمادة حولنا. والوجود الذهني: أي وجود صورة في الذهن للشيء المتحدَّثعنه. والوجود اللفظي: أي وجود أصوات منطوقة للكلمة التي تدل على صورة شيء ما في الذهن،ويستدعيها في دماغه، ويشار بها إلى كل أفراد ذلك الشيء في العالم الخارجي. والوجود الكتابي، أي: وجودحروف هجائية مخطوطة تدل على كلمة معينة. وهذا الترتيب للموجودات ينال فيه الوجود العيني المرتبةالأولى، يليه الوجود الذهني ثم اللفظي وأخيرًا الكتابة.• الأبعاد الدلالية عند اللغويين المحدثين تكتمل بدراسة بُعدين فقط، هما: الدال والمدلول، ورائدهم فيذلك "دي سوسير" الذي درس جانبين فقط من جوانب الدلالة، هما: الرمز والمعنى، واستبعد دراسةالموضوعات التي تتناولها اللغة.• ربط المعنى بالإدراك الذهني، فاللفظ يُدل به على الصور الذهنية التي تصل إلى الذهن، وذلك عن طريقالتقاط الحواس لها، ثم يدركها الذهن بعد ذلك، فمتى حدث ارتسام للشيء في النفس حدث العلم بهوالإدراك له، فعملية الإدراك ما هي إلَّا انطباع صورة الشيء الخارجي في النفس عن طريق إحدى الحواس،فيصبح هذا الشيء معلومًا ومدركًا لدى الذهن.مصدر الصورة الذهنية: إذ تُستمد الصورة الذهنية من الشيء الخارجي، وسبيل الشيء الخارجي إلى الذهنهو الإحساس المناسب لتصور ذلك الشيء؛ رؤية أو سمعًا، لمسًا أو ش ا مًّ أو ذوقًا.مقالة وصول حر أبعاد الدلالة عند الغزالي من خلال كتابه "معيار العلم"(دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر, 14/08/1438)يتناول هذا البحث قضية أبعاد العملية الدلالية عند أبي حامد الغزالي في كتابه "معيار العلمفي المنطق"، فيبحث فيه عن آرائه في:• أوجه دلالة الألفاظ على المعاني: إذ تد ل الألفاظ على المعاني من ثلاثة أوجه متباينة؛ دلالة المطابقة،كالاسم الموضوع بإزاء الشيء، ودلالة التض من، كدلالة لفظ "البيت على الحائط، ودلالة الاستلزام)الاستتباع(، "كدلالة لفظ "السقف" على الحائط.• رتبة الألفاظ من مراتب المعاني: حيث توجد الأشياء في أربعة أنواع؛ الوجود العيني: أي: الوجودالخارجي للشيء في عالم الحس والمادة حولنا. والوجود الذهني: أي وجود صورة في الذهن للشيء المتحدَّثعنه. والوجود اللفظي: أي وجود أصوات منطوقة للكلمة التي تدل على صورة شيء ما في الذهن،ويستدعيها في دماغه، ويشار بها إلى كل أفراد ذلك الشيء في العالم الخارجي. والوجود الكتابي، أي: وجودحروف هجائية مخطوطة تدل على كلمة معينة. وهذا الترتيب للموجودات ينال فيه الوجود العيني المرتبةالأولى، يليه الوجود الذهني ثم اللفظي وأخيرًا الكتابة.• الأبعاد الدلالية عند اللغويين المحدثين تكتمل بدراسة بُعدين فقط، هما: الدال والمدلول، ورائدهم فيذلك "دي سوسير" الذي درس جانبين فقط من جوانب الدلالة، هما: الرمز والمعنى، واستبعد دراسةالموضوعات التي تتناولها اللغة.• ربط المعنى بالإدراك الذهني، فاللفظ يُدل به على الصور الذهنية التي تصل إلى الذهن، وذلك عن طريقالتقاط الحواس لها، ثم يدركها الذهن بعد ذلك، فمتى حدث ارتسام للشيء في النفس حدث العلم بهوالإدراك له، فعملية الإدراك ما هي إلَّا انطباع صورة الشيء الخارجي في النفس عن طريق إحدى الحواس،فيصبح هذا الشيء معلومًا ومدركًا لدى الذهن.مصدر الصورة الذهنية: إذ تُستمد الصورة الذهنية من الشيء الخارجي، وسبيل الشيء الخارجي إلى الذهنهو الإحساس المناسب لتصور ذلك الشيء؛ رؤية أو سمعًا، لمسًا أو ش ا مًّ أو ذوقًا.